Yuav ua li cas Titanium Anode Qws Ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig chlorine Evolution Reaction

Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine yog ib qho ntawm lub zog tshaj plaws thiab tshuaj lom neeg xav tau cov txheej txheem electrochemical hauv kev coj ua lag luam. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom siv cov chaw kho dej hauv nroog, chav dej tua kab mob hauv pas dej lossis lub tshuab hluav taws xob loj sodium hypochlorite, kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub anode yuav cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau koj cov khoom tsim tawm, cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab lub neej ntev.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm tag nrho cov no standstitanium anode pas nrig- ib tug precision-engineered electrode uas tau ntsiag to hloov li cas industries tsim chlorine ntawm scale. Kab lus no rhuav tshem cov kev tshawb fawb, cov chemistry saum npoo av, thiab qhov tiag -lub ntiaj teb qhov zoo uas ua rau cov khoom no tseem ceeb.

Yuav ua li cas Titanium Anode Qws txhawb kev ruaj khov Chlorine Evolution Performance?

Qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv ntawm titanium substrate

Lub hauv paus substrate rau tag nrho cov siab -kev ua tau zoo anode rods rau chlorine evolution yog ntshiab titanium, Qib 1 (TA1 / TA2) industrial- qib titanium. Titanium yog inherently passivated los ntawm oxide txheej, uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo heev rau corrosive electrolytes xws li salinity brine thiab acidic chloride daws. Tsis zoo li graphite los yog stainless hlau, titanium tsis yaj, distort los yog tso particle teeb meem thaum ncua electrolysis. Cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg no ua rau kev ua haujlwm 24-teev yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm drift. Electrochemical cov kev tshawb fawb qhia titanium substrates kom ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ntau qhov tam sim no ntom ntawm 500 txog 3,000 A / m^2, cov xwm txheej uas ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sai sai.

Coating Consistency thiab Ntev -Lub Sij Hawm Tso Tawm Stability

Lub kinetics ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine tiag tiag yog tswj los ntawm cov hlau oxide txheej uas muaj nuj nqis uas muab tso rau hauv titanium nto, feem ntau yog ruthenium-iridium (Ru-Ir) lossis iridium-tantalum formulation. Electrochemical muaj peev xwm nyob ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev thaum cov txheej txheej txheej tau sib raug zoo,

homogenous thiab 2 mus rau 15 microns tuab. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam txhais tau tias muaj cov tshuaj chlorine ruaj khov, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuab uas Dosing precision cuam tshuam rau kev ua raws li dej nyab xeeb.

Titanium anode pas nrig tshuab los ntawm cov tuam txhab muaj koob npe ua kom pom kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tes tsis pub dhau ± 0.05 V dhau ntau txhiab lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, ib qho kev qhia tshwj xeeb uas cov khoom siv tsis tuaj yeem sib xws.

Titanium Anode Rod Nto Reaction Mechanism hauv Chlorine Generation Systems

Chloride Ion Oxidation ntawm Electrode Interface

For chloride-containing electrolyte, chloride ions (Cl−) are transported to the surface of the anode and oxidized as the current passes through the electrolyte. Reaction: 2Cl- ->Cl2 + 2e- Cov txheej txheem no, hu ua chlorine evolution cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (CER), ncaj qha sib tw nrog oxygen evolution cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (OER). Qhov kev xaiv rau CER, tsis yog OER, hais tias lub kaw lus tuaj yeem hloov hluav taws xob tau zoo rau hauv cov tshuaj chlorine lossis hypochlorite. CER tau lees paub zoo tias yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw hlau oxide (MMO) txheej, uas muaj ruthenium dioxide (RuO2). Cov qauv hluav taws xob ntawm d-band ua rau txo qis ntawm lub zog adsorption ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine intermediates, yog li ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kinetics sai dua yam tsis tas yuav muaj peev xwm ntau dhau.

Yuav ua li cas Txheej Txheej Hloov Hloov Kev Xaiv Xaiv

Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm iridium oxide (IrO2) nyob rau hauv RuO2 matrix stabilizes txheej nyob rau hauv oxidizing xwm txheej thiab tiv thaiv lub undesirable dissolution ntawm ruthenium ntawm siab anodic muaj peev xwm.

Qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm binary oxide no ua rau ib qho chaw uas qhia tau tias CER xaiv ntau dua 90% ntawm siab -chloride tej yam kev mob, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv kev sim los ntawm Tongji University thiab luam tawm nyob rau hauv Phau ntawv Journal ntawm lub Electrochemical Society.

Covtitanium anode pas nrignto, thaum coated kom zoo, tswj qhov kev xaiv no txawm tias tom qab txuas ntxiv rau cov tshuaj chloride ntau dua 20 g / L - tej yam kev mob ntawm seawater electrolysis thiab industrial brine chlorination.

Vim li cas Titanium Anode Qws Txheej Kev Ua Haujlwm txiav txim siab chlorine Evolution Efficiency?

Active Surface Area thiab Reaction Kinetics

Cov ntsiab lus tshuaj ntawm ib txheej tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb xwb; nws microstructure tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Ruthenium concentration hloov systematically los ntawm titanium interface mus rau sab nrauv, ua ib tug gradient composite txheej uas optimizes ECSA. Qhov siab dua ntawm ECSA, qhov chaw reactive ntau dua nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, thiab tsawg zog xav tau los tuav ib tug npaum li cas ntawm chlorine tiam. Cov txheej txheem ntau- txheej txheej gradient kev ntxhov siab nyem txheej txheej txheej txheem ntawm NAVI Titanium daws plaub qhov chaw mob kev lag luam, suav nrog microcracks, interlayer delamination, substrate passivation thiab chloride ion nkag mus. Cov txheej txheem faib cov thermal expansion kev nyuaj siab hla ntau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg thiab nyob twj ywm nplaum thiab catalytically nquag ua haujlwm ntev tom qab ib zaug - txheej txheej tau tso tseg tsis ua haujlwm.

Kev siv hluav taws xob raws li Direct Coating Quality Indicator

Lub kWh ib kilogram ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine siv tau yog tej zaum qhov tseeb tshaj plaws kev ntsuas rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo. Kev ua haujlwm siab gradient txheej cov nroj tsuag feem ntau khiav hauv thaj tsam ntawm 3.2 txog 3.8 kWh / kg muaj chlorine,

piv nrog 4.5 txog 6.0 kWh / kg rau ib txheej txheej electrodes. Qhov no tsis yog qhov txiaj ntsig tsis tseem ceeb, qhov txo qis ntawm lub zog kos yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 20-40% thiab ntawm kev lag luam nplai, qhov no qhia txog kev txuag nyiaj ntau hauv kev siv nyiaj txhua xyoo.

Optimizing Titanium Anode Qws Tsim rau siab -Kev Ua Tau Zoo Electrochemical Reactions

Substrate Pretreatment raws li kev ua tau zoo sib npaug

Ua ntej txheej txheej yog muab tso rau, titanium substrate tau dhau los ua cov txheej txheem pretreatment, muaj cov tshuaj etching, sandblasting thiab thermal oxidation, uas ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau txheej txheej thiab kev pab cuam lub neej. Kev delamination ntxov ntxov yuav tshwm sim yog tias qhov kev kho ua ntej tsis zoo, txawm tias cov txheej txheem txheej txheej yog qib zoo heev. Cov txheej txheem etching ua rau micro-roughened nto, uas txhim kho cov neeg kho tshuab interlocking ntawm titanium oxide txheej thiab thawj txheej txheej stratum. Cov tswv yim pretreatment no sawv cev rau qee qhov kev tshawb nrhiav tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv electrode engineering. Xi'an Jiaotong University thiab Harbin lub koom haum thev naus laus zis cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias muaj kev txhim kho ntau ntxiv hauv cov ntawv cog lus sib cuam tshuam tom qab kev siv cov ntshav plasma- pab etching raws tu qauv.

Geometry, Kev faib tawm tam sim no, thiab kev sib koom ua ke

Qws geometry tsis yog kev sib tsoo. Cov cylindrical anode rods faib tam sim no radially, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pab tau nyob rau hauv tubular electrolytic hlwb,

qhov twg 360℃electrode-electrolyte tiv tauj nce kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nto. Variants ntawm phaj, mesh thiab raj yog siv los ua kom haum rau ntau hom reactor topologies tab sis cov qauv pas nrig tseem muaj nyob rau hauv me me sodium hypochlorite generators thiab cathodic tiv thaiv systems vim nws qhov zoo nto - cheeb tsam - rau - ntim piv thiab yooj yim ntawm kev hloov.

Titanium anode pas nrigqhov ntev - txoj kab uas hla, qhov ntev, thiab qhov kawg kev sib txuas hom - feem ntau yog kho kom haum rau cov qauv tsim ntawm tes, ib qho yooj yim uas tawm ntawm -- txee graphite lossis txhuas electrodes tsis tuaj yeem muab.

Titanium Anode Qws Daim Ntawv Thov hauv Sodium Hypochlorite thiab Dej Kho Electrolysis

Sodium Hypochlorite Generators: Los ntawm Municipal Scale mus rau ntawm -Site Systems

Sodium hypochlorite generators yog ua raws li tag nrho cov txheej txheem chlorine evolution los tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv qhov chaw los ntawm brine lossis tsis muaj ntsev ntsev. Ua tsaug rau titanium anode pas nrig, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav ob qho tib si ntawm kev tsim khoom me me (50 g / h) thiab ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntau lawm (5,000 g / h). Cov chaw siv dej haus hauv nroog, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv pas dej da dej, thiab kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm txias ntauwd tau tig mus rau cov txheej txheem no kom txo tau cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kua chlorine ntau cia thaum tswj kev sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. MMO titanium anodes tam sim no siv los ntawm ntau dua 70% ntawm cov tshuaj chlor-alkali thiab hypochlorite tsim kev lag luam thiab muaj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv thaj teb tau ntau xyoo.

Kev kho dej khib nyiab, Seawater Antifouling, thiab Tshaj

Tshaj li tiam hypochlorite, titanium anode rods ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv electrolytic oxidation txheej txheem tsom COD txo, tshem tawm ammonia nitrogen, thiab cov kab mob inactivation hauv nroog thiab cov dej khib nyiab.

Nyob rau hauv seawater antifouling systems ntsia rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv platforms thiab nkoj hulls, cov anodes tsim qis -theem hypochlorite tsis tu ncua los tiv thaiv biofouling yam tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg logistics.

Cathodic tiv thaiv systems - qhov twg tus pas nrig anode yog faus rau hauv av los yog submerged nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv los tiv thaiv metallic infrastructure - tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm electrode qhov tshwj xeeb corrosion kuj, nrog cov ntaub ntawv kev pab cuam lub neej tshaj 50 xyoo nyob rau hauv qis - tam sim no impressed tam sim no daim ntawv thov.

Xaus

Lub titanium anode pas nrig yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li lub platform electrochemical. Lub substrate zoo, txheej muaj pes tsawg leeg, microstructural architecture thiab geometric tsim ua ke cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo, kev lag luam thiab kav ntev ntawm chlorine evolution system. Txhua txoj kev xaiv uas tsim los rau hauv ib qho zoo anode pas nrig muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, los ntawm ruthenium-iridium active sites uas tsav CER selectivity mus rau gradient txheej txheej uas tiv thaiv delamination nyob rau hauv hnyav ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob. Rau cov neeg ua haujlwm nrhiav kom txo cov nqi hluav taws xob, ncua sijhawm txij nkawm, thiab ua kom cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob zoo ib yam, xaiv txoj caititanium anode pas nriglos ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom muaj peev xwm yog qhov siab tshaj - kev txiav txim siab muaj.

Koom tes nrog NAVI Titanium rau Kev Txhim Kho Chlorine Evolution Electrode Solutions

Thaum koj cov txheej txheem xav tau qhov tseeb, lub neej ntev, thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm electrochemical, NAVI Titanium xa. Raws li kev mob siab rautitanium anode pas nrigtsum tsim nyob rau hauv 2008 thiab headquartered nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj lub "Titanium Valley" - Baoji High-tech Zone - NAVI Titanium engineers ruthenium-iridium MMO coated anodes tshwj xeeb rau siab - ntsev, siab - oxidine} ib puag ncig, duutty Nrog gradient txheej tshuab uas txiav lub zog siv txog li 40% thiab txuas lub neej kev pab cuam electrode mus rau 8-10 xyoo, NAVI Titanium txo koj cov nqi tag nrho thaum txhim kho cov khoom tso tawm. Cov qauv pub dawb muaj rau cov qauv kev qhia tshwj xeeb, thiab pab pawg engineering muab ib qho - ntawm - ib qho kev sib tham tsis tau them nqi.

Mus cuag NAVI Titanium pab neeg ncaj qha ntawmsales@navititanium.comlos tham txog koj qhov project yuav tsum tau ua thiab tau txais ib qho kev daws teeb meem electrode.

Cov ntaub ntawv

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2. Panic, VV, & Nikolic, BZ (2007). Sol-gel npaj RuO₂–TiO₂ txheej ua electrodes rau chlorine evolution. Phau ntawv Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 154(11), D621–D628.

3. Beer, HB (1980). Cov khoom siv electrode thiab nws siv hauv cov txheej txheem electrochemical. Phau ntawv Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 127(8), 303C–307C.

4. Sergio, H., & Guerrini, E. (2004). Electrocatalytic zog ntawm Ti/RuO₂–IrO₂ electrodes npaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem sol-gel. Electrochimica Acta, 49(22–23), 3741–3752.

5. Martínez-Huitle, CA, & Ferro, S. (2006). Electrochemical oxidation ntawm organic pollutants rau kev kho dej khib nyiab: cov txheej txheem ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj. Chemical Society Reviews, 35(12), 1324–1340.

6. Cheng, S., & Liu, H. (2013). Dimensionally ruaj khov anodes rau chlor-alkali thiab dej kho daim ntaub ntawv: Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm txheej txheej txheej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub neej. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 8(3), 4000–4017.